Uganda is a paradise for birdwatchers, boasting a diverse range of habitats that support an incredible variety of bird species, including many rare and endemic ones. Here’s a detailed overview of birding in Uganda:
Key Birding Destinations in Uganda
1. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
Bird Species: Bwindi is home to over 350 bird species, including 23 Albertine Rift endemics such as the African Green Broadbill, Shelley’s Crimsonwing, Rwenzori Turaco, and many forest specialists.
Highlights:
- African Green Broadbill: Known for its unique breeding behavior and vibrant green plumage.
- Shelley’s Crimsonwing: A rare and beautiful forest bird endemic to the Albertine Rift.
- Rwenzori Turaco: Striking blue, green, and red plumage, endemic to the Albertine Rift mountains.
Activities:
- Birdwatching Walks: Guided walks through Bwindi’s dense forest to spot elusive forest birds.
- Gorilla Trekking: Combine birdwatching with gorilla trekking for a unique wildlife experience.
2. Queen Elizabeth National Park
Bird Species: Over 600 bird species recorded, making it one of Africa’s richest birding areas. Highlights include the African Skimmer, Shoebill, Martial Eagle, and a variety of waterbirds along the Kazinga Channel.
Highlights:
- African Skimmer: Found along the Kazinga Channel, known for its distinctive feeding behavior.
- Shoebill: Iconic and rare bird, often seen in the wetlands of Queen Elizabeth NP.
- Martial Eagle: Africa’s largest eagle, often spotted soaring above the savannah.
Activities:
- Boat Safaris: Cruise along the Kazinga Channel to observe waterbirds, including the Shoebill.
- Game Drives: Explore the savannahs and woodlands for a variety of bird species.
- Birdwatching Walks: Guided walks in the park’s diverse habitats.
3. Murchison Falls National Park
Bird Species: Approximately 450 bird species, including the rare Shoebill and a variety of savannah and woodland birds.
Highlights:
- Shoebill: Murchison Falls is one of the best places to spot this elusive bird in its natural habitat.
- Abyssinian Ground Hornbill: Large, striking ground hornbill found in savannah and woodland areas.
- Goliath Heron: One of the largest herons in the world, often seen along the Nile River.
Activities:
- Boat Safari: Cruise to the base of Murchison Falls, spotting birds along the Nile River banks.
- Game Drives: Explore the savannah plains for raptors, savannah birds, and the Shoebill.
- Birding Walks: Guided walks in the park’s varied habitats.
4. Kibale Forest National Park
Bird Species: Over 375 bird species, with notable sightings of the Green-breasted Pitta, African Pitta, and a variety of forest birds.
Highlights:
- Green-breasted Pitta: Stunningly colorful bird, a highlight for birdwatchers in Kibale.
- African Pitta: Elusive ground-dwelling bird with vibrant plumage, sought after by birding enthusiasts.
- Forest Birds: Diverse species including sunbirds, barbets, and cuckoos endemic to the Albertine Rift.
Activities:
- Guided Birdwatching Walks: Explore Kibale’s lush forest trails to find forest specialists.
- Chimpanzee Tracking: Combine birding with chimpanzee tracking in the park.
- Nocturnal Birding: Evening walks to spot nocturnal birds and forest dwellers.
5. Semuliki National Park
Bird Species: More than 440 bird species, including the rare and endemic Nkulengu Rail and White-crested Hornbill.
Highlights:
- Congo Serpent Eagle: Impressive raptor found in the dense forests of Semuliki.
- African Piculet: Small, colorful woodpecker endemic to Central Africa.
- Central African Forest Birds: Diverse array of forest species rarely seen elsewhere.
Activities:
- Birding Along Semuliki River: Boat safaris and birding walks along the Semuliki River.
- Forest Walks: Explore the park’s diverse habitats for forest birds and rare sightings.
- Cultural Encounters: Interaction with the Batwa people adds cultural depth to the birding experience.
Sample Birding Itinerary in Uganda
Day 1: Entebbe – Mabamba Swamp
- Morning arrival in Entebbe, transfer to Mabamba Swamp.
- Boat trip to search for the Shoebill and other wetland birds.
- Overnight in Entebbe.
Day 2-3: Murchison Falls National Park
- Drive to Murchison Falls NP, birding en route.
- Boat safari on the Nile River to spot the Shoebill and other waterbirds.
- Game drives to explore savannah and woodland bird species.
- Overnight stays in lodges overlooking the Nile.
Day 4-5: Kibale Forest National Park
- Transfer to Kibale Forest NP, birding stops along the way.
- Guided walks to find Green-breasted Pitta, African Pitta, and forest birds.
- Optional chimpanzee tracking in the afternoon.
- Overnight stays in lodges near Kibale.